الخلاصة

Parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) are paramyxoviruses of the order Mononegavirales, the family Paramyxoviridae, and the subfamily Paramyxovirinae. Human PIVs (HPIV s) are currently divided into 5 serotypes— HPIV -1, HPIV -2, HPIV -3, HPIV -4a, and HPIV -4b— in 2 different genera: Respirovirus (HPIV -1 and HPIV -3) and Rubulavirus (HPIV -2 and HPIV -4). Detection by reverse transcription -PCR (RT -PCR) during in Najaf/ Iraq during 2012-2013. The HPIV -4 virus is identified by rapid test and RT -PCR using a set of primers specific . A total of 320 cases from (nasal swab , blood ) of human including two groups (male and female), age group about to (25- 40) years . Thirty thre e(33) sample gave the positive result with HPIV -4 virus specific primers. The RT -PCR procedure is rapid and sensitive, and could be used for the identification